Fenscaster is now using the first version of Lode's DDA raycasting algorithm but the coordinates/angles in the left map view don't matchthe right view, and the right view distorts the distance to far wall so they're viewed at 'infinity'.

fenscaster.cpp

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ void draw_map(Fenster &window, Matrix &map) {
   }
 }
 
-void draw_line(Fenster &window, Point start, Point end) {
+void draw_line(Fenster &window, Point start, Point end, uint32_t color) {
   int x = int(start.x);
   int y = int(start.y);
   int x1 = int(end.x);
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ void draw_line(Fenster &window, Point start, Point end) {
       y = y + sy;
     }
 
-    window.px(x, y) = rgba_color(200, 20, 20, 255);
+    window.px(x, y) = color;
   }
 }
 
@@ -116,29 +116,110 @@ void clear(Fenster &window) {
 
 void draw_map_rays(Fenster &window, int col, int row, Point target) {
   draw_map_rect(window, col, row, rgba_color(100, 20, 20, 255));
-  draw_line(window, {size_t(player_x), size_t(player_y)}, target);
+  draw_line(window, {size_t(player_x), size_t(player_y)}, target, rgba_color(200, 20, 20, 255));
 }
 
-void draw_3d_view(Fenster &window, int depth, float start_angle, int ray) {
+void ray_casting(Fenster &window, Matrix& map) {
-  uint8_t color = 255 / (1 + depth * depth * 0.0001);
+  int w = THREED_VIEW_WIDTH;
+  int h = THREED_VIEW_HEIGHT;
+
+  // x and y start position
+  double posX = player_x / TILE_SIZE;
+  double posY = player_y / TILE_SIZE;
+
+  // initial direction vector
+  double dirX = std::cos(player_angle);
+  double dirY = 0;
+
+  // the 2d raycaster version of camera plane
+  double planeX = 0;
+  double planeY = 0.66;
+
+  // time of current frame
+  double time = 0;
+  // time of previous frame
+  double oldTime = 0;
+
+  for(int x = 0; x < w; x++) {
+    // calculate ray position and direction
+    double cameraX = 2 * x / double(w) - 1; // x-coord in camera space
+    double rayDirX = dirX + planeX * cameraX;
+    double rayDirY = dirY + planeY * cameraX;
+
+    // which box of the map we're in
+    int mapX = int(posX);
+    int mapY = int(posY);
+
+    // length of ray from current pos to next x or y-side
+    double sideDistX;
+    double sideDistY;
+
+    // length of ray from one x or y-side to next x or y-side
+    double deltaDistX = (rayDirX == 0) ? 1e30 : std::abs(1.0 / rayDirX);
+    double deltaDistY = (rayDirY == 0) ? 1e30 : std::abs(1.0 / rayDirY);
+    double perpWallDist;
+
+    int stepX = 0;
+    int stepY = 0;
+    int hit = 0;
+    int side = 0;
+
+    // calculate step and initial sideDist
+    if(rayDirX < 0) {
+      stepX = -1;
+      sideDistX = (posX - mapX) * deltaDistX;
+    } else {
+      stepX = 1;
+      sideDistX = (mapX + 1.0 - posX) * deltaDistX;
+    }
 
-  float fixed_depth = depth * std::cos(player_angle - start_angle);
+    if(rayDirY < 0) {
+      stepY = -1;
+      sideDistY = (posY - mapY) * deltaDistY;
+    } else {
+      stepY = 1;
+      sideDistY = (mapY + 1.0 - posY) * deltaDistY;
+    }
 
-  float wall_height = 21000 / fixed_depth;
+    // perform DDA
+    while(hit == 0) {
+      if(sideDistX < sideDistY) {
+        sideDistX += deltaDistX;
+        mapX += stepX;
+        side = 0;
+      } else {
+        sideDistY += deltaDistY;
+        mapY += stepY;
+        side = 1;
+      }
 
-  if(wall_height > window.height()){
+      if(map[mapY][mapX] > 0) hit = 1;
-    wall_height = window.height();
+    }
-  }
 
-  draw_rect(window,
+    if(side == 0) {
-      {size_t(window.height() + ray * SCALE),
+      perpWallDist = (sideDistX - deltaDistX);
-      size_t((window.height() / 2) - wall_height / 2)},
+    } else {
-      {size_t(SCALE), size_t(wall_height)},
+      perpWallDist = (sideDistY - deltaDistY);
-      gray_color(color));
+    }
+
+    int lineHeight = int(h / perpWallDist);
+
+    int drawStart = -lineHeight / 2 + h / 2;
+    if(drawStart < 0) drawStart = 0;
+
+    int drawEnd = lineHeight / 2 + h / 2;
+    if(drawEnd >= h) drawEnd = h - 1;
+
+    uint32_t color = gray_color(std::min(lineHeight, 255));
+
+    draw_line(window,
+        {size_t(x + THREED_VIEW_WIDTH), size_t(drawStart)},
+        {size_t(x + THREED_VIEW_WIDTH), size_t(drawEnd)}, color);
+  }
 }
 
 
-void ray_casting(Fenster &window, Matrix& map) {
+void map_view_casting(Fenster &window, Matrix& map) {
   float start_angle = player_angle - HALF_FOV;
 
   for(int ray = 0; ray < CASTED_RAYS; ray++, start_angle += STEP_ANGLE)
@@ -152,7 +233,6 @@ void ray_casting(Fenster &window, Matrix& map) {
 
       if(map[row][col] == 1) {
         draw_map_rays(window, col, row, {size_t(target_x), size_t(target_y)});
-        draw_3d_view(window, depth, start_angle, ray);
         break;
       }
     }
@@ -174,6 +254,7 @@ void draw_everything(Fenster &window) {
   clear(window);
   draw_map(window, MAP);
   draw_ceiling_floor(window);
+  map_view_casting(window, MAP);
   ray_casting(window, MAP);
 }
 

matrix.hpp

@@ -10,8 +10,15 @@ namespace matrix {
   using std::vector, std::queue, std::array;
   using std::min, std::max, std::floor;
 
-  typedef vector<int> Row;
+  template<typename T>
-  typedef vector<Row> Matrix;
+  using BaseRow = vector<T>;
+
+  template<typename T>
+  using Base = vector<BaseRow<T>>;
+
+  using Row = vector<int>;
+  using Matrix = vector<Row>;
+
 
   /*
    * Just a quick thing to reset a matrix to a value.
@@ -40,6 +47,17 @@ namespace matrix {
     return mat.size();
   }
 
+  template<typename T>
+  inline Base<T> make_base(size_t width, size_t height) {
+    Base<T> result(height, BaseRow<T>(width));
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  inline Matrix make(size_t width, size_t height) {
+    Matrix result(height, Row(width));
+    return result;
+  }
+
   inline size_t next_x(size_t x, size_t width) {
     return (x + 1) * ((x + 1) < width);
   }
@@ -150,6 +168,10 @@ namespace matrix {
     size_t bottom = 0;
 
     box_t(MAT &mat, size_t at_x, size_t at_y, size_t size) :
+      box_t(mat, at_x, at_y, size, size) {
+      }
+
+    box_t(MAT &mat, size_t at_x, size_t at_y, size_t width, size_t height) :
       from_x(at_x), from_y(at_y)
     {
       size_t h = matrix::height(mat);
@@ -157,15 +179,15 @@ namespace matrix {
 
       // keeps it from going below zero
       // need extra -1 to compensate for the first next()
-      left = max(from_x, size) - size;
+      left = max(from_x, width) - width;
       x = left - 1;  // must be -1 for next()
       // keeps it from going above width
-      right = min(from_x + size + 1, w);
+      right = min(from_x + width + 1, w);
 
       // same for these two
-      top = max(from_y, size) - size;
+      top = max(from_y, height) - height;
       y = top - (left == 0);
-      bottom = min(from_y + size + 1, h);
+      bottom = min(from_y + height + 1, h);
     }
 
     bool next() {